Make Demonetisation scheme a success story.
Victory is always for Dharma.
The economy in general and the
financial system in particular got a shock but a game changing treatment when
the PM announced on the 8th of November at 8PM the demonetization of high denomination notes
of Rs 500 and Rs 1000 to prevent corruption and unearth black money to save the
economy from the evils of dirty money. The objectives to combat financing of
terrorism with black and fake money, to prevent corruption from the society,
and to eliminate the disruptive
practices pursued in the economy mixing black money with the accounted
money intelligently and finding ways and
means to fight election, to distort the
economic activities with wrong data on
macro economic factors, are noble
and laudable and needs to be achieved early to take the economy forward and
restore the lost values of this great
nation to ensure a welfare state with utmost peace, safety and comfortable life
for the people. The need to maintain ethics in business and commerce is
paramount and when the people irrespective of their political, economic, social
and technological background have wholeheartedly welcomed the PM’s initiative
and bold decision to eradicate the black money and are prepared to put up with
the inconveniences that such a measure can cause, then where is the opposition
and what is the obstacle?.
Having decided to demonetize, and
knowing the possible obstacle from opposition parties and people with vested
interests to protect their black money hoardings in cash the preparedness of
the Government and the RBI seems to have fallen short of and many a people
particularly among the poorer segment have been made to suffer giving an
avoidable opportunity to fight the policy tooth and nail and demanding a roll
back even. The Government could have kept the positive sentiments of the public
at large by ensuring smooth implementation which could and should have been
made possible keeping the secrecy clause of the demonetization intact, had it
acted fast as soon as the announcement was made and all the checks and balances
are kept in place with appropriate logistics to serve the rural poor in
particular on a priority basis. A bad execution should not kill the long term
and perpetual benefits to be derived from this great and very bold move. .
The Reserve Bank has a key role
in ensuring the successful implementation of the scheme and should have been
made fully responsible for its fast and smooth implementation without any
glitches. The ATMs, banks’ branches and Post offices spread in the nook and
corner of the country should have been fully equipped with adequate
infrastructure like man power, transport, security, insurance, note counting and verifying machines and
adequate supply of all small denomination notes (including soiled notes and
coins if required) right from Rs 5 to Rs 100. Rural and semi urban centers
should have been supplied first with these notes in adequate quantities and the
normal banking operations with a special emphasis for exchange of old
denomination notes with proper identity with restricted numbers of notes.
Unfortunately the Touts and Commission agents crowded all the counters and
honest and genuine people suffered in the process. This could have been
anticipated and effectively prevented. The two way operations in banks Viz
acceptance of deposits and lending got stopped and the panic situation to
corner as much money as possible in all denominations of permissible legal
tender currencies got a momentum with all shortages and chaos every where in
the first two or three days of implementation of the scheme. Lack of planning
and proper execution to minimize problems for the poor and hapless people was
taken full advantage of by the politicians in waiting to attack the government.
The cooperative banks and micro finance Institutions working in rural areas and
banking correspondents could have been enabled to carry out their normal
operations using small denomination notes to come out to the rescue of the
poorer segments. The Government could have got mobilized peoples’ volunteers to
make the scheme understandable and acceptable by the masses with all inputs.
The enforcement agencies like Income tax, Sales tax and Police force could have
played their respective roles in keeping a vigil on possible irregularities and
mal practices and educating the masses and business establishments to switch
over to digital forms of payments to avoid harassments and come clean on all
transactions. The issue of Rs 2000 notes could have been restricted to major
towns and cities for the initial days as the people are by and large literate
and can appreciate the Government’s move and have the entire wherewithal to
absorb the problems if any without much of hassles. The Reserve Bank could have
issued more of Rs 500 new notes instead of Rs 2000 notes to avoid irritation to
find change for this high value note for small value transactions. The Reserve
Bank also could have sought the help of Temples,
Mosques and Churches and all shops and establishments to stop acceptance of the
demonetized notes and to surrender all small denomination notes to nearby banks
on a day to day basis to ensure their recirculation. The sensitive areas like
village markets, ration shops, small business firms and village industries
should have been given priority treatment in the withdrawals and exchange
of old notes with due diligence to avoid
irregularities and malpractices with the help of banks, ATMs, Post offices, volunteers and
enforcement agencies. The man power shortages in banks could have been
addressed by resorting to appointment of retired hands and volunteers and there
should been more counters for exchange and acceptance of deposits of all
denomination both illegal and legal tender currencies.
The Government also could have
come out with some fiscal incentives to calm the public and mobilize their
total support. Reduction of service tax on items consumed by masses, increase
in the procurement prices of agricultural commodities, reduction in the prices
of fertilizers, small increases in kerosene subsidy, income tax relief’s for lower income groups,
reduction of excise duties and taxes on two wheelers, petrol, diesel and LPG
prices would have worked wonders. The losses may not be substantial but the
overall gains both monetary and otherwise would be handsome and those who
oppose the demonetization would have been silenced. What the Government needs at this critical
juncture is time to make arrangements to replace the withdrawn notes with
adequate liquidity and help the people to act with confidence in the scheme of
things to overcome the temporary
difficulties caused by the sudden withdrawal of high denomination notes
All said the economic benefits of
the Demonetisation scheme are enormous and there is a paramount need to make it
a success at any cost. The disruptions are temporary and definitely manageable.
Once the normalcy is established with
effective administration and the banking system is back to normal carrying out
all its functions, the economic activities would resume in new avatars and all
informal activities hitherto unaccounted for would turn formal and get properly
accounted for, rectifying the incorrect data on
investment, production, distribution of
economic products, enhancing employment activities formally helping in the reduction of
undeserved subsidies, bringing in
transparency in the compilation of data, movement of accounted funds paving way for correct
assessment of taxes, framing accurate policies based on more reliable data unlike in the past. With the proposed
GST implementation and with the eradication of unaccounted money, the
cleanliness of the financial system gets assured and the Government can very
well concentrate on improved and enhanced infrastructure, effective Governance, housing for all and better welfare of the people having control on
corruption, inflation, safety from terrorism and fair and equitable
distribution of wealth. Conversion of unaccounted wealth in the form of gold
and real estate needs to be the next step followed by electoral reforms to make
the economy more clean and transparent.
A society with less cash for
transactions and more cash for better living standards can be made a reality
with enhanced and wide use of technology in the payment and settlement system.
Strong administration is what is called for at this crucial time and as long as
people are for the change, then what and where can be the opposition in
bringing the change for a better living?
Dr T V Gopalakrishnan